Inorganic Fluorides

Inorganic Fluorides

Introduction

Inorganic fluorides are a class of compounds containing fluoride ions (F^-), formed by fluorine and other nonmetals or metals. Inorganic fluorides are an important part of fluorine-containing chemicals, which are widely used in metallurgy, electronics, medicine, chemical industry, pesticide, military, etc., and are also the source of fluorine for the synthesis of organic fluorine products. With the rapid development of electronics, chemical and other industries, the variety, quantity and quality of inorganic fluorides are constantly improving, and the uses of inorganic fluorides are also expanding with the advancement of science and technology.

Classification

There are many types of inorganic fluorides, which can be roughly divided into the following three categories based on their different uses. 

• Fluoride salts. Fluoride salts are mainly used in the metal smelting industry. Among them, aluminum fluoride and cryolite are the main ones. They are commonly used as fluxes for electrolytic aluminum to adjust the performance of the electrolyte, enhance the conductivity, reduce the electrolysis temperature, promote the electrolysis of alumina and reduce the energy consumption of the electrolysis process.
• Electronic grade fluorides. Electronic grade fluorides are mainly used in the electronics industry, including lithium hexafluorophosphate, electronic grade hydrofluoric acid, nitrogen trifluoride and so on. Electronic grade fluorides have high technical content, and with the rapid development of the information electronics industry, they have a wide range of applications in the fields of integrated circuits, solar photovoltaics, and liquid crystal displays, and have broad development prospects.
• Other inorganic fluorides. Among other inorganic fluorides, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, barium fluoride, and boron trifluoride are representative and have good application prospects. Sodium fluoride has a bactericidal effect and can be used as an agricultural pesticide. It can also be used as a wood preservative, water treatment agent, ceramic pigment, and light metal fluoride salt treatment agent. In addition, it is also used in enamel, medicine, paper production and building materials. Potassium fluoride is mainly used as a welding flux for various alloys, and can also be used for glass engraving and food preservation. Besides, potassium fluoride is also widely used in organic chemical production as a fluorination agent. In the high-tech field, barium fluoride is used in the manufacture of special optical glass, optical fiber, crystal beam splitter, laser generator and other products. As an important acid catalyst, boron trifluoride is widely used in organic synthesis and petrochemical industry. It is used in many organic chemical reactions such as alkylation, polymerization, isomerization, addition, condensation and decomposition.

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