Fluorination Agents

Electrophilic Fluorination Agents

Nucleophilic Fluorination Agents

Introduction

Fluorination agents are an important branch in the field of organic synthesis, showing a trend of vigorous development, and a series of nucleophilic fluorination agents and electrophilic fluorination agents have been developed successively. The fluorine atoms are introduced into the structure of the compounds by the fluorination agents, and its electrical effect and simulation effect can change the distribution of the electron cloud density inside the molecule, affect the acidity and alkalinity of the structure, and then change its activity. In addition, the introduction of fluorine atoms can improve the fat solubility of the compound, accelerate its absorption speed in organisms, and change the physiological effect. Based on this, the research on fluorination agents is receiving increasing attention from organic chemists, and the development of mild and efficient fluorination agents is an important topic in the research of fluorine chemistry.

Classification

There are many kinds of fluorination agents used in the fluorination of organic compounds. According to the electrical effect of the compounds, they can be mainly divided into nucleophilic fluorination agents and electrophilic fluorination agents.

• Nucleophilic fluorination agents. The nucleophilic fluorination agents have fast reaction speed, mild conditions, high yield, good reaction selectivity, wide adaptability to temperature, convenient operation, fewer elimination reactions and fewer rearrangement reactions. Commonly used nucleophilic fluorination agents include HF and alkali metal fluorides such as KF, NaF, CsF, etc. They are mainly used in the fluorination of alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, fluorinated denitrification, fluorinated dehalogenation, and the preparation of fluorinated sugars, fluorinated steroids, fluorinated amino acids and fluorinated antibiotics.
• Electrophilic fluorination agents. The electrophilic fluorination agents also have the following advantages, such as fast reaction speed, relatively mild conditions, various types, convenient operation and good reaction selectivity. Commonly used electrophilic fluorination agents include FCIO₃, CsF, XeF₂, N-fluoropyridinium salts, N-F triethylamine, N-fluorobisbenzenesulfonimide, tetrafluoroborate and so on. They are mainly used in the fluorination of aromatic hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, enol ethers, enol esters, amides, organometallic compounds, etc., and the preparation of fluorine-containing medicines.

Alfa Chemistry can offer various fluorination agents, mainly including nucleophilic fluorination agents and electrophilic fluorination agents. You can click on our product list for a detailed view. If you do not find the product you want, we also offer product customization according to customer's detailed requirements. Please contact us, if you are in need of assistance.