Sodium tungstate

CAS

13472-45-2

Catalog Number

ACM13472452

Category

Main Products

Molecular Weight

293.82

Molecular Formula

Na2O4W

MSDS COA Spec Sheet

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Specification

Synonyms

Sodium tungstate;Tungstate (WO42-), disodium, (T-4)-;Tungstate (WO42-), disodium, (T-4)-;Tungstic acid, disodium salt;Na2WO4;Sodium tungstate(VI) dihydrate;Sodium wolframate;Tungstate, disodium, (T-4)-

Application

Sodium tungstate, a sodium salt of orthotungstate, is a versatile compound with various crystalline forms. With a transition temperature from δ to γ at around 570℃ and from γ to β at about 585℃, this colorless crystal or white powder is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol and acids. It is noncombustible and finds applications as an intermediate in the preparation of tungsten compounds, a reagent, a fire-proofing agent for fabrics and cellulose, and as an alkaloid precipitant. Additionally, when heated in hydrogen to 700 ℃, it remains stable, and only transforms into metal tungsten at temperatures as high as 1100 ℃.

Preparation of Microarc Oxidation (MAO) Coatings on Aluminum Alloy in Electrolyte Containing Sodium Tungstate

Tseng C C, et al. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2012, 206(16), 3437-3443.

A microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings on 5052 aluminum alloy was successfully prepared in a silicate-hypophosphite (H2PO2) electrolyte containing sodium tungstate (Na2WO4). Studies have shown that when the concentration of sodium tungstate increases, the coating becomes thicker, contains more α-Al2O, has a lower friction coefficient, and has higher microhardness and corrosion resistance.
Preparation of MAO coatings
· Rectangular samples of 5052 aluminum alloy (measuring 50 × 25 × 2 mm3) were utilized as substrates for MAO. Before undergoing treatment, the specimens were polished using 2000-grit abrasive paper, degreased with acetone, and rinsed with distilled water. The MAO setup included an adjustable DC power, a 4-liter stainless steel tank serving as the electrolyte cell, along with a stirring and cooling system. In this configuration, the stainless steel tank acted as the cathode, while the aluminum alloy samples functioned as the anode.
· The electrolyte was formulated from a mixture containing 8 g/L sodium silicate and 6 g/L sodium hypophosphite in distilled water, enhanced by the addition of Na2WO4. Three different concentrations (4 g/L, 6 g/L, and 8 g/L) of Na2WO4 were used in the electrolyte to facilitate coating production.
· The microarc oxidation processes were conducted under current densities ranging from 1 to 7 A/dm2. Following 60 minutes of MAO treatment, the coated sample was removed from the electrolyte, thoroughly rinsed with distilled water, and air-dried at room temperature.

Risks and Effects of Using Sodium Tungstate to Treat Diabetes

Bertinat R, et al. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 234(1), 51-60.

The inorganic salt sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) has been shown to provide a good antidiabetic alternative in different diabetic animal models, which can reduce body weight and normalize blood sugar without causing hypoglycemia. However, it is worth mentioning that in addition to its beneficial effects, Na2WO4 has been reported to be toxic and even carcinogenic. This work proposes the integration of Na2WO4's actions that may have a hypothetical effect on the carcinogenesis of renal cells:
· Na2WO4 reduces the effectiveness of cytotoxic T lymphocytes involved in the elimination of cancer cells during immune surveillance and activates multiple signaling pathways associated with cancer development, including Ras-Raf-MAPK, PI3K-Akt-mTOR, and JAK-STAT-3. These pathways aid tumor adaptation by enhancing survival, proliferation, cell growth, inflammation, angiogenesis, and glycogen accumulation, among other cellular outcomes.
· Additionally, Na2WO4 inhibits the key gluconeogenic enzyme G6Pase, resulting in the buildup of G6P and the activation of glycogen synthesis within a context of altered insulin signaling.
· Na2WO4 also promotes the degradation of histone demethylases, disrupting normal gene expression, and affects typical cell cycle progression by causing DNA damage and triggering pathways that lead to cell cycle arrest, inducing senescence and the release of SAPS, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1.
· Furthermore, Na2WO4 encourages the secretion of VEGF-A, a crucial angiogenic factor involved in the response to hypoxia. These cytokines can further promote transformation through autocrine and paracrine signaling, creating a feedback loop that activates many of the same pathways that Na2WO4 does.

Characterization and morphology of sodium tungstate particles

Dkhilalli, F., et al. Royal Society open science 5.8 (2018): 172214.

Polycrystalline sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) was synthesized using a solid phase reaction technique. Preliminary X-ray studies showed that the compound has a cubic structure at room temperature. The formation of the compound has been confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction studies and Raman spectroscopy. The electrical and dielectric properties of the compound have been studied using complex impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range 209 Hz-1 MHz and temperature range 586-679 K. The impedance data were modeled by an equivalent circuit consisting of a series of grains and combinations of grains at the boundaries. The dielectric data were analyzed using the complex electrical modulus M* at different temperatures. The modulus plots are characterized by the presence of two thermally activated relaxation peaks. The morphology and average particle size of the obtained sodium tungstate samples were demonstrated by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The thickness and optical constants of the samples were calculated by ellipsometry in the range 200-22 000 nm using a new amorphous dispersion formula, which is the goal of this work. The results of Na2WO4 pellets obtained from experimental (EXP) and measured (FIT) data show excellent agreement. In addition, the energy gap of Na2WO4 samples has been determined using ellipsometry and confirmed by spectrophotometric measurements. Polycrystalline samples of Na2WO4 were prepared using high-purity Na2CO3 and WO3 compounds in suitable stoichiometry by high-temperature solid phase reaction technique. The powders were thoroughly mixed in an agate mortar for 3 hours and then calcined in a pure alumina crucible at 450°C for 6 hours. After cooling, they were thoroughly crushed again within 2 hours and then calcined again at 600°C for 6 hours. Finally, pellets with a diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm were made from the re-calcined powder. The pressed pellets were sintered at 650°C for 7 hours. The density of the obtained sintered pellet compound reached 95% of the theoretical value. The quality (crystallinity) and formation of the compound were checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. XRD of calcined powders of compounds were recorded using X-ray powder diffractometer (PM 9920) at room temperature (27°C) and over a wide range of Bragg angles (10 ≤ 2θ ≤ 80) with a scan rate of 2° min IR spectroscopy studies are important to confirm the presence of O-W-O groups and identify their vibrational modes. The spectral range is between 1400 and 400 cm .

Effect of Sodium Tungstate on Oxidative Stress in Rats

Effect of Sodium tungstate on ALAD activity in rat blood.

Sachdeva, Sherry, Pramod Kushwaha, and S. J. S. Flora. Toxicology mechanisms and methods 23.7 (2013): 519-527.

Tungsten has a wide range of industrial applications due to its excellent physical properties. Exposure to tungsten in the environment occurs mainly through various sources such as food and water. This study investigated the effects of oral and intraperitoneal sodium tungstate on various biochemical variables indicating erythrocyte oxidative stress and soft tissue damage in rats. Male rats were given sodium tungstate 119 mg, 238 mg/kg orally or 20 mg/kg and 41 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days. The results showed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in erythrocytes and a significant increase in the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GP) antioxidant enzymes. Erythrocyte glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was significantly inhibited, and tissue ROS and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels were increased, while the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) was decreased. These changes were supported by increased plasma transaminase activities, creatinine, and urea levels, indicating the presence of liver and kidney damage. These biochemical changes were more pronounced in rats that received intraperitoneal sodium tungstate than oral sodium tungstate, indicating more pronounced toxicity. This study also suggests that oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms for the manifestation of sodium tungstate toxicity.
The toxicity of sodium tungstate was evaluated by two major exposure routes (oral and parenteral) to compare sodium tungstate. The intraperitoneal exposure route may not be the best choice due to its lack of realistic exposure. Inhalation and oral administration are more acceptable routes. However, the intraperitoneal route was chosen for the current study more for its toxicological significance. The body weight of the rats was recorded every other day to monitor any possible changes in body weight. The doses selected were equivalent to the LD50 of sodium tungstate of 0.1 and 0.2 (204 mg/kg) for oral (1190 mg/kg) and intraperitoneal route of exposure, respectively.

What is the molecular formula of sodium tungstate?

The molecular formula of sodium tungstate is Na2WO4.

What are the synonyms for sodium tungstate?

The synonyms for sodium tungstate are Disodium tungstate, Sodium wolframate, and Sodium tungstate(VI).

What is the molecular weight of sodium tungstate?

The molecular weight of sodium tungstate is 293.82 g/mol.

What is the role of sodium tungstate as a reagent?

Sodium tungstate has a role as a reagent in the oxidation of secondary amines to nitrones.

What is the IUPAC name of sodium tungstate?

The IUPAC name of sodium tungstate is disodium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten.

What is the InChIKey of sodium tungstate?

The InChIKey of sodium tungstate is XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N.