Poly(vinylidene fluoride)

• CAS: 24937-79-9
• Catalog Number: ACM24937799-16
• Category: Polymer/Macromolecule
• Molecular Formula: (-CH2CF2-)n
• Description: Inert coating resin.; Polydispersity 2.5-3.0; SOLUBILITY: DMF, DMAc, DMSO, ethylene carbonate
• Melting Point: 155-160 °C
• Density: 1.76 g/cm3
• Application: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) is a versatile material with a variety of uses including coatings, film, filter cloth, instrument linings, filtration membranes, pump parts, linings, and valves. It is also utilized in the manufacturing of transducers for devices like headphones, microphones, and sonic detectors, as well as in piezoelectric and electrostrictive applications. Furthermore, it is employed as a replacement for nylon monofilament in monofilament fishing lines and as a standard binder in composite electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Additionally, it is valued as a high-grade insulator for wires, nanomaterials, and pressure sensors, and is an essential component in filters used for sample preparation in high performance liquid chromatography and other advanced analytical techniques.
• Storage: Store at room temperature
• Alpha Sort: Poly(vinylidene fluoride)
• Color/Form: Colorless gas;Colorless gas [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas].;Crystals ... Available forms: powder, pellets, solution, and dispersion
• Complexity: 27
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
• Decomposition: The substance decomposes on heating or on burning producing toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen fluoride, fluorine and fluorides.
• EC Number: 200-867-7;607-458-6
• Exact Mass: 64.012456g/mol
• Formal Charge: 0
• Glass Transition Temperature: -40°C
• H-Bond Acceptor: 2
• H-Bond Donor: 0
• Heat of Vaporization: 1.7712X10+07 J/kmol at melting point
• Heavy Atom Count: 4
• ICSC Number: 0687
• LogP: 1.24 (LogP);log Kow = 1.24;1.24
• Monoisotopic Mass: 64.012456g/mol
• NSC Number: 267683
• Odor: Nearly odorless;Faint, ethereal
• Other Experimental: Conversion factors: 1 mg/L is equivalent to 382 ppm and 1 ppm is equivalent to 2.62 mg/cu m at 25 °C, 760 mm Hg;Critical density = 417 kg/cu m; Heat of formation = -345.2 kJ/mol at 25 °C; Heat of polymerization = -474.21 kJ/mol at 25 °C; explosive limits = 5.8-20.3 vol % in air;Critical molar volume: 154 cu cm/mol;Dipole moment = 1.3893;Explosive limits in air 5.5-21%;Heat of evaporation = 13189 J/mol at -40 °C;Liquid molar volume = 0.055194 cu m/kmol; Vapor pressure = 3X10+4 mm Hg at 25 C (calculated from experimentally derived coefficients);Sensitive to heat or stabilizers; alkyl boron and alkyl hyponitrite compounds, among others, initiate polymerization;Henry's Law constant = 3.79X10-1 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est);Hydroxy radical reaction rate constant = 2.10X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 23 °C;Thermally stable from -62 to 148 °C; combustible, self-extinguishing and non-dripping; Tensile strength 7000 psi at 25 °C, yield strength 5,500 psi, elongation 300%, compression strength 10,000 psi, thermal conductivity 1.05 Btu/hr/sq ft/F/in; water absorption 0.04% in 24 hr; resistant to oxidative degradation, electricity, acods, alkalies, oxidizers, halogens;Specific gravity: 1.75-1.80; glass transition: -40 °C;Specific heat: 1255-1525 J/(kg K)
• Refractive Index: n25/D 1.420
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• RTECS Number: KW0560000
• Stability: Chemical stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
• UNII: 3C1IX2905B
• UN Number: 1959;1959;1959;1959;1959
• Vapor Density: 2.2 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air);2.2 (AIR= 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.2;2.21
• Viscosity: 28-34 K poise
• XLogP3: 1.3

Case Study

Effect of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) as a Binder on Electrode Performance

Wang M, et al. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2019, 166(10): A2151.

Many commercial lithium-ion batteries employ polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder due to its excellent electrochemical stability, wettability with the electrolyte, and acceptable bond strength between the electrode laminate and current collector.
· Preparation of electrode powders: The powder mixtures, composed of 90 wt% LiNi0.33 Co33Mn0.33O2(NMC), 5 wt% conductive carbon black, and 5 wt% PVDF were prepared in a planetary mixer for 4 cycles.
· Effect of PVDF binder: The microstructure and porosity of the PVDF layer depend strongly on the molecular weight of the PVDFs. With increasing molecular weight, the PVDF layer becomes more porous, improving the high-rate capacity without decreasing binding strength and long-term cycling performance of the electrodes.

Plasma Treatment of PVDF Powder for Preparation of Antifouling Ultrafiltration Membrane

Zhao, Xinzhen, et al. RSC advances, 2015, 5(79), 64526-64533.

In order to improve antifouling properties, plasma treatment was used to modify PVDF powder, followed by polymerization to prepare PVDF-g-PAA amphiphilic copolymer, and non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method to prepare modified PVDF membrane.
Preparation of antifouling PVDF membrane
· Evenly distribute the PVDF powder on the cardboard, put it into a plasma chamber, use helium (He, 50 Pa) as the discharge gas, process it at 100 W for 100 s, and then place the treated PVDF powder in the atmosphere for 1 h Fully oxidized.
· Dissolve the treated PVDF powder and dimethylacetamide (DMAC) in a three-flask at room temperature, then add acrylic acid (AA) monomer for subsequent polymerization, and steadily pass nitrogen flow into the mixture for 30 minutes, and then add the three-flask The flask was transferred to an 80°C oil bath and the reaction continued for 1 hour.
· Add PVDF powder to the above mixed solution to obtain a uniform casting liquid. Use a 200 μm pouring knife to pour the pouring solution onto the glass plate and immediately immerse it in the water coagulation bath. All prepared membranes were stored in pure water for 24 h to remove monomers and homopolymers of AA.

Improvement of Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composites

Fu, Jing, et al. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2015, 7(44), 24480-24491.

In order to improve the dielectric properties of BaTiO3/polyvinylidene fluoride (BT/PVDF) composites such as poor interfacial compatibility and low dielectric constant, a simple modification strategy was adopted to introduce high spontaneous polarization coarse BT particles. In this strategy, the maximum energy density of the obtained BT/PVDF composite is 30×10-3 J/cm3 at 10 kV/mm, which is approximately 4.5 times that of the pure PVDF matrix.
Preparation steps of BT/PVDF composite materials
· First, BT particles of different particle sizes with good dispersion were synthesized through a simple molten salt method by adjusting the calcination temperature.
· PVP-coated BT composites were prepared by modification treatment with water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reagent, which exhibited a fine core-shell structure.
· Finally, the powdered PVDF polymer was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, and functional PVP/BT nanoparticles were added to the solution with dissolved PVDF. The composite material was obtained after solution sonication, solvent evaporation and hot-pressing processes.