Iodixanol

• CAS: 92339-11-2
• Catalog Number: ACM92339112
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 1550.18
• Molecular Formula: C35H44I6N6O15
• Description: Iodixanol is a contrast agent, sold under the trade name Visipaque; it is also sold as a density gradient medium under the name OptiPrep. Visipaque is commonly used as a contrast agent during coronary angiography. It is the only iso-osmolar contrast agent, with an osmolality of 290 mOsm/kg H₂O, the same as blood. It is sold in 2 main concentrations 270 mgI/ml and 320 mgI/ml - hence the name Visipaque 270 or 320. It is sold in single dose units and a large 500ml plastic bottle for multi-dose dispensing. The majority of Visipaque is made in Cork, Ireland, with additional plants in China and Oslo. All Iodixanol bulk powder is made in Norway by Axis-Shield and shipped to the various plants for final manufacture (distributed in the United States by Cosmo Bio USA).A very similar product also manufactured by GE Healthcare is Omnipaque (Iohexol as the main drug substance).
• Synonyms: 1,3-bis(acetylamino)-N,N’-bis[3,5-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropylaminocarbonyl)-2,4,6-triiodophenyl]-2-hydroxypropane;Iodixanolum [Latin];Visipaque;Indixanol;3,3′,5,5′-tetrakis(2,3-dihydroxypropylcarbamoyl)-2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexaiodo-N,N’-(2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diyl)diacetanilide
• IUPAC Name: iodixanol
• Boiling Point: 1250.9ºC at 760 mmHg
• Melting Point: 262-267ºC (dec.)
• Flash Point: 710.3ºC
• Density: 2.295 g/cm³
• Appearance: Off-white to white powder
• Exact Mass: 1549.71000
• HS Code: 2924299090
• LogP: -0.02330
• PSA: 339.9
• Refractive Index: 1.751
• Stability: Stable and nont reactive.
• Storage Conditions: Store in original container according to temperature stated on container and in package insert.

Case Study

Iodixanol as a Radiopaque Additive for Biodegradable Polycaprolactone Scaffolds

Perez JVD, Materialia, 2020, 14, 100874.

Using an electrospinning method, polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds incorporating iodixanol were synthesized to enhance radiopacity for longitudinal imaging applications.
Homogeneous polymeric-iodixanol solutions were prepared by dissolving PCL and varying concentrations of iodixanol (5, 15, or 40 mg/mL) in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFP) at elevated temperatures. Electrospinning parameters, including a 10.5 kV voltage, 3.0 mL/h flow rate, and 7 cm needle-to-collector distance, were optimized to produce uniform fiber morphologies. Increasing iodixanol concentrations resulted in reduced fiber diameters, evidencing its impact on scaffold microstructure. Implanted subcutaneously in C57BL/6 mice, the scaffolds exhibited enhanced X-ray and micro-computed tomography (CT) signal intensity, proportional to the iodine concentration. The radiopacity allowed precise in vivo monitoring, with a steady signal reduction rate of 0.96% per day, indicating predictable degradation kinetics.
The study underscores iodixanol's dual role: imparting radiopacity and modulating the physicochemical properties of PCL scaffolds. Its integration into biodegradable polymers enables innovative designs for medical implants and tissue engineering applications, facilitating real-time, non-invasive imaging in clinical settings.

Iodixanol for Enhanced Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis Using CTA-CTP in Overweight Patients

Tang X, et al. Medical Engineering & Physics, 2022, 110, 103818.

Iodixanol has shown promising applications in computed tomography angiography (CTA) and perfusion (CTP) for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) in overweight patients. A comparative study evaluated iodixanol at two concentrations-270 mg I/mL and 320 mg I/mL-to determine their efficacy in image quality and diagnostic accuracy.
Patients were randomized into two groups: one receiving iodixanol 270 mg I/mL and the other 320 mg I/mL. The 320 mg I/mL group exhibited superior subjective definition scores, signal-to-noise ratios, and aortic CT values compared to the 270 mg I/mL group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were significantly higher for the 320 mg I/mL group, measuring 0.824, 89.87%, and 75.00%, respectively. These findings were in contrast to the 270 mg I/mL group, which achieved an AUC of 0.376, sensitivity of 80.46%, and specificity of 66.67%. The enhanced imaging capability of iodixanol 320 mg I/mL enabled more precise detection of coronary artery stenosis and myocardial perfusion defects, critical for CAD diagnosis.

Iodixanol in the treatment of renal impairment

Chalmers, N., and R. W. Jackson. The British journal of radiology 72.859 (1999): 701-703.

Iodixanol is an iodinated contrast medium in the form of a nonionic dimer that is isosmotic with plasma at all iodine concentrations. There is little evidence of its renal tolerance in renal impairment. Therefore, a randomized comparison of iodixanol and the nonionic monomer iohexol was performed. Serum creatinine was measured before and after angiography in a series of hospitalized patients to determine if there was any clinically detectable evidence of superiority of iodixanol over iohexol in this high-risk population. Eight of 54 (15%) patients in the iodixanol group had a creatinine increase of 0.10% within one week after angiography compared with 15 of 48 (31%) in the iohexol group (p, 0.05). The increase in creatinine was positively correlated with the dose of both contrast agents. These results suggest that iodixanol may be slightly less nephrotoxic than iohexol.
Consequential hospitalized patients with a serum creatinine of 0.150 mmol undergoing renal and/or peripheral angiography were randomized to receive either iohexol or iodixanol. Iodixanol 270 was used in the first 36 cases and iodixanol 320 was used in the subsequent 32 cases. Serum creatinine was measured within 48 hours before angiography. Angiography was performed using a 3 F or 4 F pigtail catheter in the aorta. Anteroposterior (AP) projections were usually obtained with additional oblique projections and selective renal injections. The total volume of contrast injected was recorded. All surgical and radiological interventions within one week after angiography were recorded. Serum creatinine was measured at various intervals over 24 hours until discharge. The maximum increase in creatinine in the first week after surgery was recorded. The proportion of patients with a creatinine increase of more than 10% and more than 25% was compared in each group.

Studies of iodixanol for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy

From, Aaron M., et al. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions 3.4 (2010): 351-358.

Thirty-six trials were identified to analyze pooled data from 7166 patients; 3672 patients were treated with iodixanol and 3494 with LOCM. Overall, iodixanol did not result in a significant reduction in CIN incidence that was less than that observed with heterologous comparators (P < 0.11). Analyses of patient subgroups showed a significant benefit of iodixanol compared with iodixanol alone (odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.55; P < 0.001), but not compared with LOCM or other ionic agents other than iodixanol. Patients who received intra-arterial contrast injection or who underwent coronary angiography (with or without percutaneous intervention) were included. Analysis of pooled data from multiple randomized controlled trials of iodixanol for different LOCMs with heterogeneous surgical and CIN definitions showed suggestive but not statistically significant iodixanol-related reductions.
In 33 studies with data on sex (6293 patients), 74% of patients treated with iodixanol were male compared with 73% of patients treated with LOCM. In 19 studies with data on diabetes (5143 patients), 48% of patients treated with iodixanol had diabetes compared with 46% of patients treated with LOCM. Twenty studies (3211 patients) provided mean preoperative creatinine values, which ranged from 0.9 to 6.3 mg/dL for patients treated with iodixanol and from 0.9 to 7.8 mg/dL for patients treated with LOCM.

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular formula of iodixanol?

The molecular formula of iodixanol is C35H44I6N6O15.

What are some synonyms of iodixanol?

Some synonyms of iodixanol include Visipaque, Indixanol, OptiPrep, and Lodixanol.

What is the CAS number of iodixanol?

The CAS number of iodixanol is 92339-11-2.

What is the chemical safety information for iodixanol?

The chemical safety information for iodixanol is not provided in the reference.

What is the EC number of iodixanol?

The EC number of iodixanol is 618-837-0.

What is the IUPAC name of iodixanol?

The IUPAC name of iodixanol is 5,5'-((2-Hydroxytrimethylene)bis(acetylimino))bis(N,N'-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalamide).

What is the brand name of iodixanol?

The brand name of iodixanol is Visipaque.

What is the density gradient medium used for?

The density gradient medium, OptiPrep, which contains iodixanol, is used for cell and subcellular organelle isolation.

What are some other names or abbreviations for iodixanol?

Some other names or abbreviations for iodixanol include Visipaque 270, Visipaque 320, CCRIS 7567, and UNII-HW8W27HTXX.

Is iodixanol used in medical procedures?

Yes, iodixanol is used as a contrast agent in medical imaging procedures, such as CT scans.