Specification
Description
Gboxin chloride is an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor that targets glioblastoma but not embryonic fibroblasts or neonatal astrocytes. Gboxin rapidly and irreversibly compromises oxygen consumption in glioblastoma cells. Gboxin relies on its positive charge to associate with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes in a manner that is dependent on the proton gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane, and it inhibits the activity of F0F1 ATP synthase.
IUPAC Name
2-Ethyl-1-(2-(((1R,2S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-3-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium chloride
Canonical SMILES
C[N+]1=C(CC)N(CC(O[C@H]2[C@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H](C)C2)=O)C3=CC=CC=C31.[Cl-]
InChI
InChI=1S/C22H33N2O2.ClH/c1-6-21-23(5)18-9-7-8-10-19(18)24(21)14-22(25)26-20-13-16(4)11-12-17(20)15(2)3;/h7-10,15-17,20H,6,11-14H2,1-5H3;1H/q+1;/p-1/t16-,17+,20-;/m1./s1
InChI Key
UBWVTCCKVGOTBG-VYZBTARASA-M
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Storage
Dry, dark and at 0-4 °C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 °C for long term (months to years).
Biological Target
Gboxin is an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor that targets glioblastoma. Gboxin inhibits the activity of F0F1 ATP synthase.
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Elemental Analysis
C, 67.24; H, 8.46; Cl, 9.02; N, 7.13; O, 8.14
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
In Vitro Activity
Administration of a metabolically stable Gboxin analogue inhibits glioblastoma allografts and patient-derived xenografts. Gboxin toxicity extends to established human cancer cell lines of diverse organ origin, and shows that the increased proton gradient and pH in cancer cell mitochondria is a mode of action that can be targeted in the development of antitumour reagents.
Reference: Nature. 2019 Mar;567(7748):341-346. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30842654/
Shipping
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Stock Solution Storage
0-4 °C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 °C for long term (months).