Doxorubicin hydrochloride

• CAS: 25316-40-9
• Catalog Number: ACM25316409
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 579.98
• Molecular Formula: C₂₇H₃₀ClNO₁₁
• Synonyms: ADRIACIN;ADRIBLASTINA;ADRIBLASTINA HYDROCHLORIDE;ADRIAMYCIN HCL;ADRIAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE;(8s-cis)-10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-l-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxynaphthacene-5,12-dione hydrochloride;14-HYDROXYDAUNOMYCIN HCL;14-HYDROXYDAUNOMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE
• IUPAC Name: (7S,9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione;hydrochloride
• Canonical SMILES: CC1C(C(CC(O1)OC2CC(CC3=C(C4=C(C(=C23)O)C(=O)C5=C(C4=O)C=CC=C5OC)O)(C(=O)CO)O)N)O.Cl
• InChI Key: MWWSFMDVAYGXBV-RUELKSSGSA-N
• Boiling Point: 810.3ºC at 760 mmHg
• Melting Point: 216°C (dec.)(lit.)
• Flash Point: 443.8ºC
• Appearance: Orange-Red Crystalline Solid
• EC Number: 246-818-3
• Exact Mass: 579.15100
• Hazard Statements: T,T+,Xi
• Safety Description: 53-45-36/37/39-22-7/9
• Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
• Supplemental Hazard Statements: H351-H361-H373-H302-H315-H319-H350
• Symbol: GHS07,GHS08
• WGK Germany: 3

Case Study

Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Loading and Release from CNCs/ZIF-L Composite for Drug Delivery Applications

Wijaya C. J, et al. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2024, 165, 105831.

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was loaded onto cellulose nanocrystals/zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (CNCs/ZIF-L) composites via a batch adsorption method, using an aqueous DOX solution. The composite's ability to encapsulate DOX provides a promising drug delivery platform.
In the release study, DOX@CNCs/ZIF-L composites were immersed in PBS at 37°C, and the release kinetics were monitored through a dialysis membrane method over a period of up to 72 hours. The cumulative release of DOX was quantified spectrophotometrically at 475 nm, revealing controlled and sustained drug release, which is crucial for therapeutic applications. This composite system shows potential in enhancing DOX delivery efficacy, improving therapeutic outcomes, and minimizing side effects, positioning DOX-loaded CNCs/ZIF-L composites as an effective drug delivery system for cancer treatment.

Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Loaded Hybrid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery

Ambrosio N, et al. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 243, 125222.

Hybrid nanoparticles containing doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) were prepared via the nanoprecipitation method, aimed at improving the drug's delivery and therapeutic efficacy. Phospholipids or PEG-derivatives were solubilized in an ethanol/water mixture, followed by the incorporation of zein, a plant-based protein, to form the nanoparticle matrix. The DOX was added to the organic phase during preparation, achieving final drug concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 mg/mL. The nanoparticles were then purified by ultracentrifugation to remove unencapsulated drug. The DOX-loaded hybrid nanoparticles offer a promising approach for controlled drug delivery, ensuring efficient encapsulation and sustained release of the active compound.

Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Used in Multimodal Therapy via PEGylated Nanovesicle System for Drug-Resistant Cancer Treatment

Jiang L, et al. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 17(6), 924-937.

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX⋅HCl) is utilized in a PEGylated indocyanine green (mPEG-ICG) integrated nanovesicle system (PIDA) for overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapies. In this system, DOX⋅HCl is co-loaded with the nitric oxide (NO) donor L-arginine (L-Arg) into mPEG-ICG nanovesicles, enabling controlled drug release upon near-infrared (NIR) light activation.
The mPEG-ICG-based nanovesicles (PI, PID, and PIDA) were prepared using a dialysis method. For PI, 3 mg mPEG-ICG and 10 mg PEP were dissolved in 500 µl DMF, followed by dropwise addition of an equal volume of deionized water and 6 hours of dialysis. For PID, the procedure was the same, but 2 mg DOX⋅HCl was included in the deionized water. In the case of PIDA, 2 mg DOX⋅HCl in 250 µl deionized water and 20 mg L-Arg in PBS 5.5 were mixed, then added dropwise to the DMF solution, followed by dialysis for 6 hours.

Synthetic Use

Upstream Synthesis Route 1

• 29742-67-4

• 25316-40-9

Reference: [1] Carbohydrate Research, 1988, vol. 184, p. 231 - 235

Upstream Synthesis Route 2

• 23541-50-6

• 25316-40-9

Reference: [1] Carbohydrate Research, 1988, vol. 184, p. 231 - 235

Downstream Synthesis Route 1

• 108-30-5
• 25316-40-9

• 123106-18-3

Reference: [1]Synthetic Communications,2002,vol. 32,p. 1961 - 1975

* For details of the synthesis route, please refer to the original source to ensure accuracy.