Allopurinol

• CAS: 291279-53-3
• Catalog Number: ACM291279533
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 148.21
• Molecular Formula: C₅H₄N₄O
• Synonyms: allopurinol, Zyloprim, Zyloric, Lopurin, Milurit, Progout, Atisuril, Bleminol, Uripurinol, Embarin, Foligan, Urosin, 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ol, 315-30-0, Alositol, Anoprolin, Apulonga, Bloxanth, Caplenal, Cellidrin
• IUPAC Name: 1,2-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one
• Canonical SMILES: C1=C2C(=NC=NC2=O)NN1
• InChI Key: OFCNXPDARWKPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• EC Number: 206-250-9
• Exact Mass: 136.03900
• H-Bond Acceptor: 2
• H-Bond Donor: 2
• UN Number: 2811

Case Study

Allopurinol as a Therapeutic Agent for Asthma Through Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase and HMGB1 Secretion

Wang Y, et al. Redox Biology, 2024, 70, 103021.

Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, demonstrates therapeutic potential in asthma, a disease driven by allergic airway inflammation. In a chemically induced asthma model using toluene diisocyanate (TDI), oral administration of allopurinol effectively mitigated oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation. The underlying mechanism was linked to the purine metabolism pathway, where TDI exposure led to increased levels of xanthine and uric acid, indicative of XO-mediated purine degradation. Allopurinol inhibited XO activity, reducing the secretion of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a key mediator in asthma pathogenesis. The reduction in HMGB1 secretion was associated with the attenuation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 immune responses, as well as decreased acetylation of HMGB1. Furthermore, allopurinol restored the NAD+-sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) axis, which had been disrupted by DNA damage, thereby reducing ROS and promoting antioxidant responses. These findings suggest that allopurinol's modulation of purine metabolism and HMGB1 acetylation may provide a novel therapeutic approach for managing asthma.

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular formula of Allopurinol?

The molecular formula of Allopurinol is C5H4N4O.

What are some synonyms for Allopurinol?

Some synonyms for Allopurinol include Zyloprim, Zyloric, Lopurin, Suspendol, and Caplenal, among others.

What is the chemical safety information of Allopurinol?

Allopurinol is classified as acute toxic and irritant.

What is the chemical structure of Allopurinol?

The chemical structure of Allopurinol is a pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ol.

What is the CAS number of Allopurinol?

The CAS number of Allopurinol is 315-30-0.

What are some trade names of Allopurinol?

Some trade names of Allopurinol include Zyloprim, Lopurin, and Zyloric.

What are some other chemical compounds that contain Allopurinol?

Some other chemical compounds that contain Allopurinol include Allopurinol sodium and Allopurinol (I).

What is the chemical formula for 4-Hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine?

The chemical formula for 4-Hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine is C5H4N4O.

What is the EINECS number of Allopurinol?

The EINECS number of Allopurinol is 206-250-9.

What is the UNII number of Allopurinol?

The UNII number of Allopurinol is 63CZ7GJN5I.