Potassiumferrate

• CAS: 13718-66-6
• Catalog Number: ACM13718666
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 198.04
• Molecular Formula: K2FeO4
• Appearance: Solid

Case Study

Potassium Ferrate Used in the Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge

Hu, Jiawei, et al. Environmental Research, 2020, 188, 109764.

Potassium ferrate (PF), as an environmentally friendly oxidant, has been widely used in the chemical oxidation treatment of waste activated sludge (WAS), including sludge dewatering, minimization, anaerobic fermentation, and removal of pollutants.
· Mechanism of PF oxidizing method in sludge dewatering
The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are comprised of a variety of organic polymers, primarily including proteins, polysaccharides, and humic substances. PF, known for its strong oxidizing capabilities, effectively degrades these components, releasing water that was previously trapped within the EPS. Once a significant portion of the EPS is dismantled, microbial cells are exposed to the aqueous phase of the sludge, making them more susceptible to disruption. Remaining PF in the sludge can further infiltrate and rupture the membranes or walls of microbial cells, allowing for the release of intracellular water.
· Mechanism of PF oxidizing method in sludge minimization
In PF treatment, this process occurs through a combination of sludge disintegration, solubilization, and mineralization. Sludge disintegration is achieved by the breakdown of sludge flocs due to the potent oxidizing nature of PF. As PF disrupts the EPS structure, the organic matter contained within is largely released and dissolved into the sludge liquor. Simultaneously, PF also targets the internal substrates within microbial cells by breaking their membranes or walls. Additionally, some of the more resistant organic matter in the sludge can be oxidized and converted into soluble compounds or even directly mineralized into H2O and CO2 during PF treatment.

Potassium Ferrate for Removal of Ciprofloxacin from Aquatic Environments

Jiang, Jia-Qian, et al. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012, 88, 95-98.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of the top ten high priority pharmaceuticals associated with the water cycle. This work investigated the feasibility of treating CIP with potassium ferrate(VI) (K2FeO4).
Ferrate(VI) treatment of CIP
· The results showed that ferrate could remove at least 60% of CIP from simulated wastewater even at very low ferrate dosage (<0.3 mg/L). Moreover, as the ferrate dosage increased to 1 mg/L (as Fe), the removal of CIP was higher than 80%. However, further increasing the ferrite dosage did not show a significant improvement in CIP removal.
· Furthermore, the effect of solution pH on CIP removal was also studied.
With a ferrate dosage ratio of 3:1 as [Fe(VI)]/[CIP], the initial pH of CIP model wastewater samples did not significantly affect the removal performance, which varied between 48.5% and 53.9%. This was attributed to the final pH being adjusted to around 6.5, which was the sole factor influencing CIP removal efficiency. In contrast, during the second phase of the pH effect study, where the final pH was adjusted between 4 and 9, there were notable variations in CIP removal efficiency: when the final pH exceeded 8, the efficiency significantly declined from over 60% at pH 8 to below 5% at pH 10.