Specification
Description
Maleic acid is a colorless crystalline solid having a faint odor. It is combustible though it may take some effort to ignite. It is soluble in water. It is used to make other chemicals and for dyeing and finishing naturally occurring fibers.;DryPowder; Liquid;Solid;Solid;WHITE CRYSTALS.
Synonyms
(z)-2-Butenedioic acid homopolymer
IUPAC Name
(Z)-but-2-enedioic acid
Canonical SMILES
C(=CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1-
InChI Key
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N
Boiling Point
275 °F at 760 mm Hg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
Melting Point
266 to 268 °F (NTP, 1992);130.5 °C;Mp 300-302 ° (sealed tube);132.5 °C (OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range));130.5°C;131 °C
Density
1.59 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);1.590 g/cu cm at 20 °C;Relative density (water = 1): 1.59
Solubility
greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66° F (NTP, 1992);7 mg/mL at 25 °C;In water, 788 g/L at 25 °C, 3926 g/L at 97.5 °C;79.000 lb/100 lb water at 77 °F;In water, 441,000 mg/L at 25 °C;Freely soluble in alcohol; soluble in acetone, glacial acetic acid; slightly soluble in ether; practically insoluble in benzene;Solubility (g/100 g) at 25 °C: benzene 0.024, chloroform 0.11, carbon tetrachloride 0.002, diethyl ether 7.57;Solubility (g/100 g): acetone 38.6 (at 20 °C), methanol 41.0 (at 22.5 °C), ethanol 30.2 (at 0 °C) and 34.4 (at 22.5 °C), 1-propanol 20.0 (at 0 °C) and 24.3 (at 22.5 °C), 2-butenenitrile 4.38 (at 50 °C);Insoluble in chloroform;441 mg/mL at 25 °C;Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 78 (soluble)
Color/Form
Monoclinic prisms from water;White crystals from water, alcohol and benzene;Colorless crystals
Corrosivity
May corrode metals when wet.
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Decomposition
When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.;135 °C
EC Number
203-742-5;233-569-0
Exact Mass
116.010959g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
116.010959g/mol
Odor
Faint acidulous odor
Other Experimental
Converted in part into the much higher-melting fumaric acid (MP: 287 °C) when heated to a temp slightly above the MP.;Heat of combustion: -1356.3 kJ/mol (crystal);Heat of combustion: -2,800 cal/g = -117x10+5 J/kg;log Kow = -1.3 at pH 2.5 and 20 °C;Henry's Law constant = 1.4X10-12 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est);Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 7.95X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est);Ozone reaction rate constant = 8.8X10-19 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)
Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Vapor Pressure
Negligible (NTP, 1992);1.34X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C (OECD Guideline 104 (Vapor Pressure Curve));Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 0.0048