Glycerol

CAS

56-81-5

Catalog Number

ACM56815

Category

Other Products

Molecular Weight

92.09

Molecular Formula

C3H8O3

MSDS COA Spec Sheet

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Specification

Description

Glycerol (also called glycerine or glycerin; see spelling differences) is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerol backbone is found in all lipids known as triglycerides. It is widely used in the food industry as a sweetener and humectant and in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature.

Synonyms

Glycerin(mist)

IUPAC Name

Propane-1,2,3-triol

Canonical SMILES

C(C(CO)O)O

InChI

InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2

InChI Key

PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point

290 °C

Melting Point

20 °C(lit.)

Flash Point

320 °F

Density

1.25 g/mL(lit.)

Solubility

Insoluble in fixed, volatile oils

Appearance

Liquid

Storage

5-30 °C

Complexity

25.2

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count

EC Number

200-289-5

Exact Mass

92.047344113

Formal Charge

Hazard Codes

Hazard Statements

F,Xn

Heavy Atom Count

HS Code

2905450000

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count

Isotope Atom Count

LogP

-1.66810

MDL Number

MFCD00004722

Monoisotopic Mass

92.047344113

Physical State

Viscous liquid

pKa

14.15(at 25 °C)

PSA

6.69

Refractive Index

n20/D 1.474(lit.)

RIDADR

UN 1282 3/PG 2

Rotatable Bond Count

Safety Description

24/25-39-26

Stability

Stable. Incompatible with perchloric acid, lead oxide, acetic anhydride, nitrobenzene, chlorine, peroxides, strong acids, strong bases. Combustible.

Storage Conditions

5-30 °C

Supplemental Hazard Statements

H320-H225-H302+H312+H332-H315-H319

Symbol

GHS02,GHS07

Topological Polar Surface Area

60.7 Å²

Vapor Density

3.1

Vapor Pressure

<1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

WGK Germany

XLogP3-AA

-1.8

Glycerol Eutectics as Sustainable Solvent Systems

Abbott, Andrew P., et al. Green Chemistry, 2011, 13(1), 82-90.

One of the limiting factors of glycerol's use as a bulk solvent is its high viscosity and high boiling point, making it difficult to separate the material by filtration or distillation. However, glycerol still has potential as a green solvent. For example, adding quaternary ammonium salts to glycerol can form a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and reduce the viscosity of the liquid. The mixture was shown to be useful in the purification of biodiesel. Furthermore, eutectic mixtures of glycerol and choline chloride (ChCl) have also shown potential as sustainable solvent systems.
Synthesis and Properties of Choline Chloride/Glycerol System
· DES are mixtures of hydrogen bond donors and simple halide salts, producing liquids with physical and solvent properties comparable to ionic liquids. Glycerol can act as a hydrogen bond donor in deep eutectic solvents.
· The eutectic mixture is formed by stirring the two components at approximately 80°C until a homogeneous colorless liquid forms.
· When ChCl is added to glycerol, the viscosity decreases significantly because the 3D intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in glycerol are disrupted, resulting in a less ordered system.

What is the molecular formula of glycerol?

The molecular formula of glycerol is C3H8O3.

What is the molecular weight of glycerol?

The molecular weight of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol.

What is the IUPAC name of glycerol?

The IUPAC name of glycerol is propane-1,2,3-triol.

What is the InChI of glycerol?

The InChI of glycerol is InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2.

What is the InChIKey of glycerol?

The InChIKey of glycerol is PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

What is the canonical SMILES of glycerol?

The canonical SMILES of glycerol is C(C(CO)O)O.